Why are type 2 diabetes cases in India’s youth, which generally affects adults?

In India, the WHO estimates that 77 million adults over the age of 18 have type 2 diabetes, and that almost 25 million are prediabetics (with an increased risk of getting the disease in the near future). Type 2 diabetes is becoming more prevalent in children and adolescents, especially those between the ages of 12 and 18.

Although type 2 diabetes has historically been more common in older people, it has recently become increasingly common in children and adolescents, which is alarming. Dr. Sajili Mehta, Senior Consultant in Pediatric Endocrinology at Surya Mother and Child Super Speciality Hospital in Pune, said in an interview with HT Lifestyle that “this is primarily due to the growing prevalence of obesity among children and young adults.”

She cited sedentary behavior and poor food choices as the main causes of the increase in juvenile obesity rates. However, ethnicity and genetic predisposition are also factors in the development of the illness. In general, South Asians are more susceptible to the illness. Insulin resistance is a recurring metabolic condition known as type 2 diabetes. When this occurs, the body’s cells do not react appropriately to the insulin that the pancreas produces. A hormone called insulin is essential for controlling blood sugar levels because it makes it easier for cells to take up glucose from the circulation and use it as fuel.

Dr. Sajili Mehta recommended promoting a healthy lifestyle, which includes eating balanced meals, avoiding sugary drinks and processed foods, and exercising often, in order to prevent type 2 diabetes in children. Limiting screen time and keeping track of one’s physical health via a balanced diet and regular exercise are crucial. Children are more likely to embrace and maintain healthy lifestyle habits when they witness their loved ones adopting similar practices, so it’s crucial to establish an atmosphere that is supportive and models good choices.